Tuesday 21 January 2014

What is the maximum ram for 32 bits and 64 bits computer?




To bet the answer lets begin with our running 32 bits computer .
As we know the maximum ram is the locations that OS can handle
and for a processor it is the register bus. so we can make a simple formula for this

2^(width of data bus in bits)
or
 2^(how much bits OS is)

So for 32 bit computer(4 bytes pointer) the maximum RAM that can be addressed will

 2^32 --->> can address 4,294,967,296 locations = 4GB

So a 32 bits OS can have maximum of 4GB of ram.

Exeption 
These can be extended by hardware coding and including more "hidden" address lines.The number of these "hidden" address lines decides by how much you can extend your RAM.But its complicated

Now moving towards 64 bits OS . As said by Moore’s Law, That the number of transistors on a chip doubles every 1.5 to 2 years.
now its too easy to calculate

i.e 2^64 --->>can address 1.84467440737e+19 locations

Means
Maximum RAM  = 16*1000*1000 *1000GB
Maximum RAM = 16*1000*1000 TB
Maximum RAM = 16*1000 Petabyte=16 Exabyte

So its 16 PB  ,to give you short intro about memory
1000 kb = 1MB
1000 MB = 1GB
1000 GB = 1TB
1000 TB = 1PB
1000 PB = 1EB

For more amazing facts about memory you can visit
Some Amazing fact about memory (petabyte,exabyte,zettabyte)
And How much data exists on the Web

For more idea 
If the average MP3 encoding for mobile is around 1MB per minute, and the average song lasts about four minutes, then a petabyte of songs would last over 2,000 years playing continuously.

As of now it is not possible to build a processor which can support 16 Petabytes of RAM
For example, the AMD64 architecture as of 2011 allowed 52 bits for physical memory and 48 bits for virtual memory.[7] These limits allow memory sizes of 4 PiB (4 × 10245 bytes) and 256 TiB (256 × 10244 bytes), respectively. A PC cannot currently contain 4 petabytes of memory (due to the physical size of the memory chips) and its price is too high and need more high end processors to maintain this huge amount of address.

And Operation systems also charge different for different RAMs some are given below

For Windows 7, the maximums are:
Starter: 2GB
Home Basic: 8GB
Home Premium: 16GB
Professional: 192GB
Enterprise: 192GB
Ultimate: 192GB




What about server with 1 Petabytes server and its coat?

If you want your own personal server or a storage with 1000 Tb memory then what should be its cost?

Answer:- $109,950 or nearly  66 lakhs  RS

And you will need the rack which can handle 12000 Kgs of weight

So now we have data to be managed and devices to store but we lack in the processors and transfer speed to manage this huge data.
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Hemant Kurmi - 2021 - Some Amazing Facts About Memory: Petabyte, Exabyte, and Zettabyte

Some Amazing Facts About Memory: Petabyte, Exabyte, and Zettabyte As technology advances, our ability to store and process data has grown ...